Those who werehighest in status in high school, as well as those least liked inelementary school, are “most likely toengage (从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.”(2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解D) (as well as 连接those who...与those least liked ...做主语)

The gunners liketo describe what they do as character-building, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony(痛苦) of dying can make nobody happy. (动词不定式to do结构做主语)

Connecting to the community（社区）as youfreely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. ( (-ing形式做主语)

Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deeprelationships wouldn't even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. (-ing形式做主语)

What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.  (主语从句充当主语)

Shackleton,a onetimeBritish merchant-navy officer who hadgot to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business...  (同位语结构做主语)

二、主谓之间被介词短语、定语从句或非谓语动词分隔

Mr. Robbins, together with his wife andchildren, is leavingLondon for Paris.

Somepeople think that the great Chinesescholar Confucius, who livedfrom roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced thedevelopment of chopsticks.

Frank Hurley, aconfident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic,was hired to makethe images, most of which have never before been published.
 

According to the report's key findings, “theproportion(比例)who saythey ‘never’ or ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectivelytoday.”(2018全国卷Ⅱ阅读C)

Thewomansitting at the desk, seeing my madness, sympathetically jumped up. 

三、复杂表语

One (reason) was that I was amazed at the fact that a sickperson could feel much better after seeing a doctor. ((表语从句中还含有一个同位语从句)

Thegeneral rule is that mild zones have relatively fewlanguages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, oftenspoken by small numbers.(表语从句中还含有while并列句)

四、复杂宾语

Dr. Prinstein has alsofound that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a playdate--sharing, kindness, openness--carry over to later years and make you better able torelate and connect with others. (宾语从句中含有定语从句)

Back in 1983,two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees gettingbitten by insects send out aparticular smell that neighboring plantscan get.(宾语从句中含有-ing形式和定语从句)

Inorder to pass the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on ①how we plan to apply ②what we would learn in class toour future professions and ,eventually, to our lives. (①是介词on所带的宾语从句，②是动词apply所带的宾语从句)

Axani wrote inhis post ①that he is not looking for anything in return and ②that the woman who usesthe extra ticket can choose to either travelwith him or take the ticket and travel on her own. (wrote带有2个由that引导的宾语从句，第②个宾语从句含有who引导的定语从句)

五、复杂定语

It’s an amazingaccomplishment and one we cannot achieve withoutgenerous support from individuals, corporations, and other socialorganizations. ((省略了that/which的定语从句)

To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Deliciousand Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to seethe range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grownby the Romans.  (who引导定语从句)

But myconnection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,when I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandasrescued from starvationin the wild.  (when引导的定语从句中含有-ed形式和-ing形式做定语)

Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visitDisneyland Paris park，staying until late to seethe parade and the fireworks.(where引导定语从句)

Readers alsotended to share articles ①that were exciting or funny, or ②that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety,but not articles ③that left them merely sad. (含有三个that引导的定语从句)

Also, it is notuncommon any more to find carpenters (木匠)with college  degrees and carpenters with a solid knowledge of mathematics, which would enablethem to deal with more difficult house designs. (含有两个with介词短语做定语和which引导的定语从句)

Now, using teethand bone pieces taken from the baby’s grave,scientists have compared the DNA from the Unknown Child with those collected from members of five families who lost relatives on the Titanic and never recovered thebodies.(含有两个-ed形式做定语和who引导的定语从句)

六、复杂同位语(同位语从句)

Whilethey are rare north of 88°, there is evidence that they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south asJames Bay in Canada. 

The friendshipthat grew out of the experience of making that film and The Stingfouryears later had its root in the fact that although there was an agedifference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV.(that引导同位语从句，同位语从句内部含有although引导的状语从句)

We shared thebelief thatif you’re fortunate enough to have success, youshould put something back --- hewith his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and thefestival.(that引导同位语从句，同位语从句内部含有if引导的状语从句)

七、复杂状语

With the college entrance examination around the corner, allthe students are occupied with their revision.(with介词短语做状语)

Bytranslating the rich and humourous text of Love’s Labour’s Lost into thephysical language of BSL(英式手语), DeafinitelyTheatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare’s comedy and aims tobuild a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds byperforming to both groups as one audience. (两个by介词短语做状语)

When combined with berries or slices of other fruits,frozen bananas make an excellent base forthick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. (-ed形式做状语)

The IntelligentTransport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into amobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order tounderstand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the keystress points are.  (动词不定式to do做状语)

①Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, myhappiness deepened ②when I learned that Brown’s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers forJack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where —— luckily for me —— I was planning tohave dinner that very night.(as和when引导状语从句)

It wascalculated that when its population reached itshighest point, there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons – anumber equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the UnitedStates, making it perhaps the most abundantbirds in the world.(when引导状语从句中，含有-ing形式做状语)

Giventhat many people's moods (情绪)are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate,it was probably only a matter of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a drugstore of Chinese medicine.  (-ed形式做状语, before引导状语从句)

In a second study presented at the meeting, scientistsfrom the UK and Denmark showed that even a few days of high temperatures canseverely reduce production of crops, such as wheat, soya beans, rice and groundnuts(花生), if it occurs when theplants are flowering.  (if 和when引导状语从句)

According to the study, if thecat is adopted before the dog, and ifthey are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, ayear for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly.(两个if 引导并列状语从句)

八、多个从句且从句套从句

Helikes ①that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up thebarkeeper ②with whom he's on a first-name basis③if he wants to have a little interaction（交流）.(①是宾语从句，②是定语从句，③是状语从句)

Forthis courier job, you’re consciously aware ①thatin that box you’ve got something ②that ispotentially going to save somebody’s life. (①是宾语从句，②是定语从句)

Therefore, ①whena person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops,②whatmay be implied (暗示) is③that the person wants the listener to consider④what has been said before continuing.  (①是状语从句，②是主语从句，③是表语从句，④是宾语从句)

①If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter, excuse yourselfand let the person know ②you’re busysothey can get the hint (暗示）③that ④when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed. (①是状语从句，②是宾语从句，③是同位语从句，④是状语语从句)

But you can’t besuccessful①when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship ②that results from an action③wherethe wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. (①是状语从句，②是定语从句，③是定语从句)

Cursing mymisfortune, I was wondering ①where I was going to spend the night when I realizedthat the villagers②whohad gathered around me were arguing as to③who should have the honor of receiving me as a guest in theirhouse. (①是宾语从句，②是定语从句，③是宾语从句)

Studies show①that social science majors are most suited for change,②which is the leading feature of the kind of high speed, highpressure, high-tech world ③we now live in. (①是宾语从句，②是定语从句，③是定语从句)

It is important ①because it shows ②that regular physical exercise enables us to make better useof the oxygen ③we breathe inand④that this training, in fact, reduces the amount of work ⑤our hearts do.  (①是状语从句，②是宾语从句，③是定语从句，④是并列宾语从句，⑤是定语从句)

九、复杂并列句(包含从句)

The likables’ plays-well-with-othersqualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employedever after in life and work.

Wewent 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, but I often had crazy dreams in which Iwas to blame for Miller’s accident.

Dark environments are more likely to encourageovereating, for people are often less self-conscious(难为情) when they’re in poorly lit places —— and so more likely to eat lots of food..

When the weatheris fair and settled, they are clothed in blue and purple,and print their beautiful shapes on the clear evening sky, but sometimes when itis cloudless, gray steam gathers around the top of the mountains which, in the last rays of the setting sun, will shine andlight up like a crown of glory. 

十、多个非谓语动词

Then the person leaves it in a public place, ①hopingthat the book willhave an adventure, ②traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it. 

He reported the case to the police and then sat there, ①lost andlonely in a strange city, ②thinking ofthe terrible troubles of ③getting allthe paperwork④organized again from a distant country while ⑤trying ⑥to settle downin a new one.

1. Not only is likability related to positivelife outcomes, but it is also responsiblefor those outcomes, too.(not only开头的倒装句)

2. We found that the least well-liked teens had become moreaggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. ( (so开头的倒装句)

3. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore，74 percent，according to statistics fromthe report.  (only开头的倒装句)

4. Of course,not only are today's top Western designersbeing influenced by China-some of the best designers of contemporary fashionare themselves Chinese." (not only开头的倒装句)

5. "The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and soare the consumers," she says.  (so开头的倒装句)