华慧考博英语:如何区分动名词与现在分词?
动词的结构会随着句子需要而改变,华慧考博老师发现有很多考生对于动词的动名词与分词形式不是太了解,有时候甚至无法区分它们,下面华慧考博老师就来为大家讲一下,如何来区分动词的动名词与分词的区别!动名词与现在分词的区别:
虽然动名词与现在分词的形式一致,均为-ing,但两者在用法上还是有着本质的区别。
- 在句子中充当的成分不完全一样。
现在分词:状语、补足语、表语、定语
事实上,动名词与现在分词的词性是不同的。
- 动名词是动词与名词的结合体,所以它的词性为名词,在句中充当名词充当的成分,如主语和宾语等。
例2:The natural way of doing this (宾语) is to start from the things which are more knowable and clear to us and proceed towards those which are clearer and more knowable by nature. (昆明理工大学2015年翻译)
- 现在分词是动词与形容词或副词的结合体,所以它的词性偏形容词与副词,在句中充当形容词或副词充当的成分,如状语、补语、定语等。
例2:The dangers of drug companies failing (后置定语) to disclose inconvenient findings are not new.(医学统考2019年阅读)
- 做表语时的区别
- Sleeping is permitting a man to refresh after under heavy pressure for days. (动名词)
- These processes are most interesting. (现在分词)
- 作定语时的区别
例:
A walking stick = a stick used for walking (动名词)
A walking man = a man who is walking (现在分词)
A swimming pool = a pool used for swimming (动名词)
A swimming student = a student who is swimming (现在分词)
Drinking water = water used for drinking (动名词)
A moving truck = a truck which is moving (现在分词)
Growing pains = pains during the growth period (动名词)
Growing children = children who are growing (现在分词)
虽然准确区别动名词与现在分词有难度,但只要大家牢记,动名词具备名词的性质,在句中常充当名词所充当的成分(即主语、宾语、表语),而现在分词则具备形容词和副词的词性,在句中常充当形容词所充当的成分(即定语、状语、补语),也能找出两者的大部分区别。
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