Part C

Directions：

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(1 0 points)

The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities.However，only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities.(46) Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.Happily，the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law.

If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education，its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators.Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment.On the one hand，it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice，democracy and freedom.(47)On the other.it 1inks these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the inks journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.For example，notions of evidence and fact，of basic fights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law.Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalist’s intellectual preparation for his or her career.

(48)But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on all understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.Politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state，is a major subject for journalists.The better informed they are about the way the state works，the better their reporting will be.(49)In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.

Furthermore，the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists.While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers.(50)While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. These can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the legal system.
 

答案解析

46) Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.

翻译步骤分析

[词义推敲] 步骤一、浏览语句，识别动词和代词含义

legal learning 学习法律

viewed…as… “把…视为…”

intellectually equipment 知识才能

[结构分析] 步骤二、浏览语句，断句

1、，and原则(用来区分并列句，句子中的and, or等并列连词要首先区分)

Traditionally

, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers

, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.

这个句子结构十分清晰，这是一个简单句。Traditionally是状语，用来修饰整个语句。legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers是主句。短语rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.用来补充说明前文语句。

[翻译润色] 步骤三、单句翻译，准确排序

Traditionally传统上

, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers，这些院校一直把学习法律看作是律师专有的特权

, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.，而不是一个受过教育的人必备的知识才能。

[参考译文] 传统上，这些院校一直把学习法律看作是律师专有的特权，而不是一个受过教育的人必备的知识才能。

47) On the other, it 1inks these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the inks journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.

翻译步骤分析

[词义推敲] 步骤一、浏览语句，识别动词和代词含义

1inks…to “把…联系起来”

is parallel to “和…一样”

cover “覆盖”引申为“报道”

comment on “评论”

it 遵循代词的指代原则，it指代“法律”

[结构分析] 步骤二、浏览语句，断句

1、，and原则(用来区分并列句，句子中的and, or等并列连词要首先区分)

On the other

, it 1inks these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the inks journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.

2、which/that原则(用来区分主句和从句，句子中的which, that, because, while, when等标志词区分主句和从句)

On the other

, it 1inks these concepts to everyday realities in a manner

which is parallel to the inks journalists forge on a daily basis

as they cover and comment on the news.

这个句子结构比较复杂，这是一个复合句。On the other作为状语，补充说明整个句子。it 1inks these concepts to everyday realities in a manner 是主句。定语从句which is parallel to the inks journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.用来修饰名词“manner”。从句as they cover and comment on the news是时间状语从句。

[翻译润色] 步骤三、单句翻译，准确排序

On the other另一方面

, it 1inks these concepts to everyday realities in a manner法律把这些概念和日常实践联系在一起。

which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis如同会与生活建立起联系那样，

as they cover and comment on the news.，记者每天在报道和评论新闻时

[参考译文] 另一方面，如同记者每天在报道和评论新闻时会与生活建立起联系那样，法律把公正、民主和自由这些概念和日常实践联系在一起。

48) But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on all understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.

翻译步骤分析

[词义推敲] 步骤一、浏览语句，识别动词和代词含义

understand “理解”

rests on “基于”

the established conventions “既定惯例”

[结构分析] 步骤二、浏览语句，断句

1、，and原则(用来区分并列句，句子中的and, or等并列连词要首先区分)

But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on all understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.

2、which/that原则(用来区分主句和从句，句子中的which, that, because, while, when等标志词区分主句和从句)

But the idea rests on all understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.

that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen

这个句子结构比较清晰，这是一个复合句。But the idea rests on all understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media是主句。同位语从句that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen用来补充说明“idea”的内容。

[翻译润色] 步骤三、单句翻译，准确排序

But the idea rests on all understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.但是，这种观点是基于对新闻媒体的即定惯例和特殊职责的理解。

that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen新闻记者必须比普通公民更为深刻的理解法律，

[参考译文] 但是，新闻记者必须比普通公民更为深刻的理解法律，这种观点是基于对新闻媒体的即定惯例和特殊职责的理解。

49) In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.

翻译步骤分析

[词义推敲] 步骤一、浏览语句，识别动词和代词含义

have a clear grasp of “清楚把握”

[结构分析] 步骤二、浏览语句，断句

1、，and原则(用来区分并列句，句子中的and, or等并列连词要首先区分)

In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.

2、which/that原则(用来区分主句和从句，句子中的which, that, because, while, when等标志词区分主句和从句)

In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists can do a competent job on political stories.

who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution

这个句子结构比较清晰，这是一个特殊句型，“It is difficult to…”。句子中In fact做状语。主句为it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.在该句子中how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.整个从句作为动词“see”的宾语，同时who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution是定语从句，用来修饰“journalists”。

[翻译润色] 步骤三、单句翻译，准确排序

In fact事实上，

, it is difficult to see how journalists can do a competent job on political stories. 我们很难想象，的记者如何能胜任政治方面的报道。

who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution对加拿大宪法的基本特征缺乏清楚把握

[参考译文] 事实上，我们很难想象，对加拿大宪法的基本特征缺乏清楚把握的记者如何能胜任政治方面的报道。

50) While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments.

翻译步骤分析

[词义推敲] 步骤一、浏览语句，识别动词和代词含义

enhance“提高”引申为“增加…的深度”

rely on “依靠”

make their own judgments “做出自己的判断”

[结构分析] 步骤二、浏览语句，断句

1、and原则(用来区分并列句，句子中的and, or等并列连词要首先区分)

While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories

, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance

and make their own judgments.

这个句子结构比较清晰，这是一个复合句。While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories与it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments.构成让步关系。

[翻译润色] 步骤三、单句翻译，准确排序

While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories尽管律师提供的评论和反馈可能会增加报道的深度

, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance ，但记者最好还是依靠自己的理解，

and make their own judgments. 并做出自己的判断。

[参考译文] 尽管律师提供的评论和反馈可能会增加报道的深度，但记者最好还是依靠自己的理解，并做出自己的判断。

参考译文

几个世纪以来，欧洲的大学一直认为法学是一门基本学科。然而，直到最近几年，法学才成为加拿大大学本科专业的一个重要科目。传统上，这些院校一直把学习法律看作是律师专有的特权，而不是一个受过教育的人必备的知识才能。可喜的是，加拿大的许多大学正在树立更传统、更具欧洲大陆特色的法律教育观点，有些大学甚至已经开始授予法学学士学位。

如果法学正在开始成为普通教育的重要组成部分，那么它的目标和方法应该会立刻吸引新闻学教育者。法律是一门鼓励负责任的判断的学科。一方面，它为分析像正义、民主和自由这样的概念提供机会。另一方面，如同记者每天在报道和评论新闻时会与生活建立起联系那样，法律把这些概念(公正、民主和自由)和日常实践联系在一起。比如，有关证据和事实、基本权利和公共利益这样的概念在新闻判断和新闻编写过程中就如同在法庭上一样发挥作用。通过研读并思考法律来提高判断能力是一名新闻记者应该为其事业做的一项知识准备。

但是，新闻记者必须比普通公民更为深刻地理解法律，这种观点是基于对新闻媒体的既定惯例和特殊职责的理解。政治，或者广义上说，国家的职能，是新闻记者报道的一个主要方面。他们对国家的机制了解得越多，报道就越优秀。事实上，我们很难想象，对加拿大宪法的基本特征缺乏清晰了解的记者如何能胜任政治方面的报道。

此外，法律体系及其中发生的事件是新闻记者报道的主题。虽然法律报道的质量各有不同，但是许多新闻记者都过分依赖律师提供给他们的诠释。尽管律师提供的评论和反馈可能会增加报道的深度，但记者最好还是依靠自己的理解并做出自己的判断。