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2023华慧考博：外刊精读（1）
如何快速提升考博英语词汇以及考博英语阅读能力？莫过于精读外语刊物。下面华慧考博老师将为大家带来不定期的外刊精读解析：A new book by a former lawyer at Kirkland & Ellis, one of the nation’s largest law firms, has delivered a thrill to the already rattled legal profession. In The Lawyer Bubble: A Profession in Crisis, Steven J. Harper argues that legal jobs are disappearing not because of short-term economic fluctuations but because of powerful long-term trends. The word bubble is an overstatement, but Harper deserves credit for sounding the alarm.
【第一句】A new book (by a former lawyer) (at Kirkland & Ellis), [one of the nation’s largest law firms], has delivered a thrill to the already rattled legal profession.
【第二句】(In The Lawyer Bubble: A Profession in Crisis), Steven J. Harper argues [that legal jobs are disappearing not (because of short-term economic fluctuations) but (because of powerful long-term trends)].
【第三句】The word bubble is an overstatement, but Harper deserves credit (for sounding the alarm).
【段落线索】
A new book→The Lawyer Bubble: A Profession in Crisis；
a former lawyer= Steven J. Harper；
thrill的内容= legal jobs are disappearing；
由already可知，rattled与thrill情感色彩相同（负面），有递进趋势；
overstatement过分陈述，but转折引出deserve credit传达了“reasonable”态度；
前两句为总分关系，最后一句做出评价
The decline in the market for lawyers is being driven by an array of forces. For some time now, corporate clients have been less willing to sign off on bulky legal bills. They have increasingly been balking at the top hourly rates of $1.000 that some partners charge. And as a result of globalization, an increasing share of American legal work is being shipped overseas. Lawyers in India and other lower-wage markets are willing to do the work for a fraction of what American law firms would charge. Taking away even more of this work: newly sophisticated legal software that can do “document review” and other tasks for which lawyers were once needed.
【第一句】The decline (in the market) (for lawyers) is being driven by an array of forces.
【第二句】(For some time now), corporate clients have been less willing to sign off on bulky legal bills.
【第三句】They have increasingly been balking at the top hourly rates (of $1.000) [that some partners charge].
【第四句】And (as a result of globalization), an increasing share of American legal work is being shipped overseas.
【第五句】Lawyers (in India and other lower-wage markets) are willing to do the work (for a fraction of [what American law firms would charge]).
【第六句】Taking away even more of this work: newly sophisticated legal software [that can do “document review” and other tasks] (for [which lawyers were once needed]).
【段落线索】
The decline中定冠词the指代前文提到的legal jobs are disappearing，decline与disappearing构成同义衔接；
An array of forces引出下文分述；
三句由they指代构成衔接，一同阐述了“法律服务费用高昂”这一因素；
第四句and表并列，引出第二点“美国法律服务外包量越来越大”，第五句阐明原因，less比较了两类地区的法律服务费用，暗示客户在海外有更佳选择；
第六句even more引出第三点newly sophisticated legal software的冲击。
本段为总分结构，由an array of forces分为三点阐述。
The legal market is without question soft these days. Last June, the Association for Legal Career Professionals released a grim placement report stating that only 65.4% of law-school graduates had found jobs for which it was necessary to pass a state bar exam. And the Internet is full of first-hand accounts of law-school graduates who say that their law degree has not helped them get a law job—and, worse still, those who report that their degree has actually hurt their job prospects, since some employers now tell them they are overqualified for nonlegal positions.
【第一句】The legal market is (without question) soft (these days).
【第二句】(Last June), the Association for Legal Career Professionals released a grim placement report (stating [that only 65.4% of law-school graduates had found jobs]) [for which it was necessary to pass a state bar exam].
【第三句】And the Internet is full of first-hand accounts of law-school graduates [who say [that their law degree has not helped them get a law job]]—and, worse still, those [who report [that their degree has actually hurt their job prospects]], [since some employers now tell them [they are overqualified for nonlegal positions]].
【段落线索】
soft形容市场时表示“疲软”，属于概括性的定性词；
Last June作为具体时间点出现，后有具体机构the Association for Legal Career Professionals以及具体数字65.4%，这符合“论据”的特征；
grim为负面形容词，placement report就业报告、bar exam法考，该句表明法律专业就业形式不佳；
and表顺承，accounts此处意为“描述”，law-school graduates与those并列；
该段为总分结构，由机构就业报告和学生个人两个方面的论据论证了soft legal market这一论点。
Harper argues that the profession’s leaders are a big part of the problem. He contends that big-firm managers are too focused on maximizing profits for the biggest, most rainmaking partners—at the expense of junior lawyers and the long-term interest of the firm. And he faults law-school deans for putting the interests and salaries of law professors ahead of the interests of their underemployed, debt-laden students.
【第一句】Harper argues [that the profession’s leaders are a big part of the problem].
【第二句】He contends [that big-firm managers are too focused on maximizing profits (for the biggest, most rainmaking partners)—(at the expense of junior lawyers and the long-term interest of the firm).
【第三句】And he faults law-school deans (for putting the interests and salaries of law professors ahead of the interests of their underemployed, debt-laden students).
【段落线索】
The problem定冠词the指代前文soft legal market，a big part of the problem说明该问题的重要原因在于leaders；
He contends...he faults...展开叙述，and表并列，big-firm managers和law-school deans与leaders构成同义衔接；
At the expense of...与putting...ahead of都表明了倾向性；
本段也为总分结构，分析原因先表明观点，再从公司和学校leaders两个方面展开论述。
Controversial as it is, Harper’s big-picture argument is undoubtedly correct, and it is a real cause for concern. Bar associations and legal academics have begun talking about how the profession should adapt—discussions that are long overdue. The biggest problem with The Lawyer Bubble is not the waning it is sounding but its title; unlike tulips and other speculative bubbles in the past, lawyers will always be a necessity not a fad. But then, The Very, Very Challenging Job Market for Lawyers doesn’t have the same ring to it.
【第一句】[Controversial as it is], Harper’s big-picture argument is undoubtedly correct, and it is a real cause for concern.
【第二句】Bar associations and legal academics have begun talking about [how the profession should adapt]—[discussions] [that are long overdue].
【第三句】The biggest problem (with The Lawyer Bubble) is not the waning [it is sounding] but its title; (unlike tulips and other speculative bubbles in the past), lawyers will always be a necessity not a fad.
【第四句】But then, The Very, Very Challenging Job Market for Lawyers doesn’t have the same ring to it.
【段落线索】
Controversial——undoubtedly correct——cause for concern需结合首段的“overstatement——sounding the alarm“理解，其中controversial与overstatement对应，sounding the alarm与cause for concern对应；
由controversial谈到adapt与the biggest problem也就是title的问题；
but引出转折，与前一句的title形成比较，ring在此处熟词辟义“语气、感觉、效果”。
本段大体结构也可归为总分，第一句作出评价，后就controversial阐述原因。
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