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华慧考博：这些阅读题干陷阱，你会掉进去吗？
在做阅读题时，很多同学觉得文章大意能看懂，选项也能看懂，就是做不对题。抛开长难句和做题技巧不谈，其中很重要的原因就是我们的阅读题干未看清，题干审题不全或者没有看清楚题干的要求。题干的信息点能够帮助我们在考场中最简单最快速了解文章内容。下面华慧考博老师就大家来看看认真审题如何能帮助我们迅速答对题吧！典型例题一：
61. In the first paragraph all the figures surrounding obesity reflect _______.
A. a close link between growing obese and developing disease
B. the inevitable diseases of modern civilization
C. the war against the epidemic we have lost
D. the urgency of the global phenomenon
As the defining epidemic of a modern age notable for overconsumption and excess, obesity is hard to beat（引出肥胖现象）. The increased availability of high-fat, high-sugar foods, along with more sedentary lifestyles, has helped push the number of obese people worldwide to beyond 400 million, and the number of overweight to more than 1.6 billion. By 2015, those figures are likely to grow to 700 million and 2.3 billion respectively, according to the World Health Organization（分析原因并列举数字支撑现象）. Given the health implications -- increased risk of heart disease, stroke, diabetes and some cancers -- anything that helps people avoid piling on the pounds must be a good thing, right（引出本文话题---承上启下）?
【题干分析】：这道题的题干主要是问“第一段围绕着肥胖的数据反映了什么？”这道题数字本身的含义，主要是问作者写这些数字是为什么反映什么现象或者观点。我们都知道一般会先说观点或现象，再举数字论证。或者先列举数字，末尾再总结观点。因此我们只需要看数字的前面或后面就可以了。如上图对文章第一段的结构进行分析，我们得知作者第一句先引入肥胖盛行的现象，再数字来支撑说明现象。因此选项D是和第一句话进行的同义替换。
典型例题二
The spreading brain damage witnessed by Sehaller’s team was probably caused by the release of glutamate,
74. The results made Schallert’ s team aware of the fact that________.
A. glutamate can have toxic efforts on healthy nerve cells
B. exercise can boost the release of glutamate
C. glutamate is a neurotransmitter
D. all of the above
【题干分析】很多人会选择D，因为觉得ABC三项在文章中都提到了。实际上题干是问：研究结果使得Schallert团队意识到了什么事实？原文第一句The spreading brain damage (witnessed by Sehaller’s team) was probably caused by the release of glutamate, (a neurotransmitter, from brain cells stimulated during limb movement). 脑损伤的扩散的结果可能是由谷氨酸的释放造成的。可知a neurotransmitter, from brain cells (stimulated during limb movement)一种神经递质，来自肢体运动时受到刺激的脑细胞，这是glutamate的同位语，这是Schallert原本就知道的事实，不是这个实验结果让他们意思到的。C项和B项是原文同位语的同义替换，因此可以排除。在结合第二句At high doses, glutamate is toxic even to healthy nerve cells. 高剂量的谷氨酸甚至对健康的神经细胞也是有毒的。可知A选项“谷氨酸对健康的神经细胞有毒性作用”是这个实验结果让该团队意识到的内容，因此选A。
典型例题三
86. Based on the first two paragraphs, the author is trying to focus our attention on______.
A. madness and romance
B. genius and persistence
C. creativity and mental disorders
D. romance and artistic inspiration
原文第一段：
There may be a link between creativity and mental disorders, but it is probably not in the way that you think. There is a widespread highly romanticized belief that madness somehow heightens creative genius among artists, writers, and musicians. And that may be because we romanticize the idea of artistic inspiration.
原文第二段：
As with mental disorders, there is something mysterious and unexplainable about the creative process. But all significant creative leaps have two very important components: talent and technique. By far the most universal and necessary aspect of technique is dogged persistence, which is anything but romantic.
【题干分析】这道题是问：基于前两段，作者想把我们的注意力集中在什么上面？注意这道题是问的作者的意图和观点。而文章的第一段描述的是人们普遍的观点here is a widespread highly romanticized belief，作者没有在第一段表达自己的观点，第一段只是作者引入本文的疯狂和创造力两者关系的话题。而第二段作者就开始谈到自己的观点，创造力有两个成分：talent and technique，而technique需要dogged persistence。因此这就是作者引起我们关注的点，答案选择B项。
这样的例子还有很多，我们平时做完题后一定要反思错题原因，不要审题操之过急了，注意回答的题干的要求才是答对题的唯一标准。
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